- (i) Depression over eastcentral Arabian Sea.
- (ii) Depression over southeast Bay of Bengal and possible intensification into a Cyclonic Storm over southwest & adjoining westcentral Bay of Bengal by 27th October.
- (iii) Heavy to very heavy rainfall likely over Tamil Nadu, Kerala & Mahe and Coastal Karnataka on 27th; Coastal Andhra Pradesh & Yanam during 26th-30th; Rayalaseema during 26th-29th; Odisha during 27th -30th; Saurashtra on 26th; Chhattisgarh on 29th October with isolated extremely heavy rainfall at isolated places likely over Rayalaseema on 27th & 28th; south Coastal Andhra Pradesh & Yanam on 27th; Coastal Andhra Pradesh & Yanam on 28th & 29th and south Odisha on 28th & 29th October.
Realised weather during past 24 hours ending at 0830 hours IST of today, the 25th October, 2025:
- ❖ Heavy to very heavy rainfall (7-20 cm) has been recorded at isolated places over Nicobar Island, Goa, Coastal Karnataka and Tamil Nadu & Puducherry.
- ❖ Heavy rainfall (7- 11 cm) has been recorded at isolated places over North Interior Karnataka, Coastal Andhra Pradesh and Rayalaseema.
For more details of realised weather, kindly refer ANNEXURE I.
Weather Systems, Forecast and Warnings (refer to ANNEXURE II & III):
- ❖ Yesterday’s Depression over the eastcentral Arabian Sea lay centered at 0830 hrs IST of today, the 25th October 2025, over the same region, near latitude 16.5°N & longitude 70.4°E, about 380 km west-northwest of Panjim (Goa), 400 km southwest of Mumbai (Maharashtra), 620 km northwest of Mangalore (Karnataka) and 640 km north-northwest of Aminidivi (Lakshadweep). It is likely to move nearly northwestwards across Eastcentral Arabian Sea during next 24 hours.
- ❖ Yesterday’s low pressure area over southeast Bay of Bengal became a Well-marked low-Pressure area over the same region at 1730 hrs IST of yesterday, the 24th October 2025. The Well marked low-Pressure area over southeast Bay of Bengal moved nearly westwards, concentrated into a Depression over the same region at 0530 hrs IST of today, the 25th October 2025. It moved nearly westwards and lay centred at 0830 hrs IST of today, the 25th October 2025, over the same region, near latitude 10.8°N & longitude 88.8°E. It is likely to move nearly west-northwestwards, intensify into a deep depression by 26th and into a cyclonic storm over southwest & adjoining westcentral Bay of Bengal by 27th morning. Thereafter it is likely to move northwestwards, then north-northwestwards and intensify into a severe cyclonic storm by morning of 28th October. Continuing to move north-northwestwards, it is very likely to cross Andhra Pradesh coast between Machilipatnam and Kalingapatnam around Kakinada during evening/night of 28th October as a severe cyclonic storm with a maximum sustained wind speed of 90-100 kmph gusting to 110 kmph.
- ❖ A fresh Western Disturbance likely to impact Western Himalayan Region from 27th October, 2025.
Under the influence of these systems, the following weather is likely:
South Peninsular India:
- ❖ Light to moderate rainfall/thunderstorm at most/many places with isolated heavy rainfall over Tamil Nadu &Puducherry, Kerala & Mahe during 25th-28th; Coastal Karnataka on 25th, 27th & 28th; South Interior Karnataka on 27th; Coastal Andhra Pradesh & Yanam during 26th – 30th; Rayalaseema during 26th-29th; Telangana during 27th-29th October with isolated very heavy rainfall over Tamil Nadu, Kerala & Mahe and Coastal Karnataka on 27th October.
- ❖ Extremely heavy rainfall (≥21 cm) likely at isolated places over south Coastal Andhra Pradesh & Yanam on 27th and Coastal Andhra Pradesh & Yanam on 28th & 29th and Rayalaseema on 27th & 28th October.
- ❖ Thunderstorm with lightning & gusty winds (speed reaching 30-40 kmph) likely over the region during next 5 days.
East & Central India:
- ❖ Light to moderate rain/thunderstorm at some/isolated places with isolated heavy rainfall over West Madhya Pradesh on 26th & 27th; Chhattisgarh on 28th & 29th; Odisha during 27th-30th; Gangetic West Bengal during 28th-30th; Jharkhand on 29th & 30th; Sub-Himalayan West Bengal & Sikkim and Bihar on 30th & 31st October with isolated very heavy rainfall over Andaman & Nicobar Islands on 25th & 26th; Odisha during 27th -29th and Chhattisgarh on 29th October.
- ❖ Extremely heavy rainfall (≥21 cm) likely at isolated places over south Odisha on 28th & 29th October.
- ❖ Thunderstorm with lightning and gusty winds (speed reaching 30-50 kmph) likely over Andaman & Nicobar Islands and Odisha during next 5 days; Sub-Himalayan West Bengal & Sikkim on 29th & 30th; Bihar during 29th-31st; Gangetic West Bengal during 28th-30th October and with lightning over Madhya Pradesh, Vidarbha and Chhattisgarh during next 5 days.
West India:
- ❖ Light to moderate rain/thunderstorm at many/some places with isolated heavy rainfall over Konkan & Goa, Madhya Maharashtra on 25th; south Konkan & Goa, south Madhya Maharashtra on 27th; Gujarat State during 25th-28th October with isolated very heavy rainfall over Saurashtra on 26th October.
- ❖ Thunderstorm with lightning likely over the region during next 4-5 days.
Northeast India:
- ❖ Light to moderate rain/thunderstorm at many/some places with isolated heavy rainfall over Assam & Meghalaya and Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram & Tripura during 29th-31st and Arunachal Pradesh on 30th October.
Northwest India:
- ❖ Light to moderate rain/thunderstorm at isolated places likely over east and south-west Rajasthan during 26th-28th October with isolated heavy rainfall over East Rajasthan on 27th October.
Warning for Arabian Sea, Lakshadweep & Comorin Area and along & off Karnataka, Kerala coasts and along & off Maharashtra and Gujarat coasts
Wind warning:
- Squally wind with speed reaching 45-55 gusting to 65 kmph prevailing around the system center and continue to prevail over Eastcentral and adjoining Southeast Arabian Sea till 26th October.
- Squally weather with wind speed reaching 40-50 kmph gusting to 60 kmph is very likely to prevail over Lakshadweep & Comorin Area and along & off Karnataka and Kerala coasts till 26th October, and wind speed reaching 35-45 kmph gusting to 55 kmph is very likely to prevail over northeast Arabian Sea and along & off Maharashtra and Gujarat coasts on 25th and 26th October.
Sea condition:
- Sea Condition is likely to be rough to very rough over Eastcentral and adjoining Southeast Arabian Sea till 26th October.
- Sea Condition is likely to be rough over Lakshadweep & Comorin Area and along & off Karnataka and Kerala coasts till 26th October.
- Sea Condition is likely to be moderate to rough over northeast Arabian Sea and along & off Maharashtra and Gujarat coasts on 25th and 26th October.
Fishermen warnings:
- Fishermen are advised not to venture into Eastcentral and adjoining Southeast Arabian Sea a, Lakshadweep & Comorin Area and along & off Karnataka and Kerala coasts till 26th October, and northeast Arabian Sea and along & off Maharashtra and Gujarat coasts on 25th and 26th October.
Impact Expected and Action Suggested due to heavy rain and strong winds (Kerala, coastal Karnataka, Konkan & Goa and Gujarat state)
Impact expected:
- ❖ Breaking of tree branches. Strong wind and heavy rain may damage plantation, horticulture and standing crops.
- ❖ Minor damage to kutcha houses/walls, huts and roads due to strong winds and heavy rain.
- ❖ Road and rail traffic may be affected due to heavy rain.
- ❖ There could be localised flash floods, landslides, mudslides, landslips, water logging, inundation and flooding over low lying areas.
- ❖ Occasional reduction in visibility due to heavy rainfall.
- ❖ Surface & Helicopter services may be regulated.
- ❖ Small ships & country boats would be affected due to strong wind and heavy rain.
Action suggested:
- ❖ People are advised to keep a watch on the weather for worsening conditions and be ready to move to safer places accordingly.
- ❖ Take safe shelters; do not take shelter under trees, as there could be lightning.
- ❖ In case of expected lightning, unplug electrical/ electronic appliances, immediately, get out of water bodies and keep away from all the objects that conduct electricity.
- ❖ Tourism and recreational activities to be regulated.
- ❖ Surface transport and helicopter services to be regulated.
Warning for Areas of Bay of Bengal and Andaman Sea
Wind warning:
- ❖ Squally weather with wind speed reaching 40-50 kmph gusting to 60 kmph is prevailing over southeast Bay of Bengal and adjoining areas of Eastcentral Bay of Bengal. It is likely to increase becoming 45-55 kmph gusting to 65 kmph over central parts of Bay of Bengal from evening of 25th.
- ❖ Winds will further increase and becoming Gale wind speed reaching 60-70 kmph gusting to 80 kmph over southwest and adjoining areas of southeast & West central Bay of Bengal Bay of Bengal from 26th October evening.
- ❖ Thereafter winds would further increase becoming 80-90 kmph gusting to 100 kmph over westcentral and adjoining northwest Bay of Bengal from 27th October evening and would further increase 90 to 100 kmph from 28th October morning.
- ❖ Squally weather with wind speed reaching 35-45 kmph gusting to 55 kmph is likely to prevail along & off Tamil Nadu – Puducherry coast during from 25th to 28th October,
- ❖ Squally weather with wind speed reaching 35-45 kmph gusting to 55 kmph is likely to prevail along & off Andhra Pradesh & Yanam (of Puducherry) coasts from 25th October. It is likely to increase becoming 45-55 kmph gusting to 65 kmph from 27th morning and gale wind speed reaching 60-70 kmph gusting to 80 kmph from 28th morning, becoming 90-100 kmph gusting to 110kmph from 28th evening to early hours of 29th October and becoming 60-70kmph gusting to 80 kmph by 29th October noon. The winds would further decrease becoming 45-55 kmph gusting 65 kmph by 29th October evening and decrease gradually thereafter.
- ❖ Squally weather with wind speed reaching 35-45 kmph gusting to 55 kmph is likely to prevail along & off south Odisha coast from 26th evening. It is likely to increase becoming 45-55 kmph gusting to 65 kmph from 27th evening and becoming gale wind speed reaching, 60-70 kmph gusting to 80 kmph from 28th evening to early hours of 29th October early hours along and off south Odisha coast, becoming 45-55 kmph gusting to 65 kmph till 29th October evening and decrease gradually thereafter. Squally wind speed reaching 50-60 kmph gusting to 70 kmph is likely to prevail from 28th evening to early hours of 29th October early hours along and off north Odisha coast, becoming 40-50 kmph gusting to 60 kmph till 29th October evening and decrease gradually thereafter.
Sea conditions:
- ❖ Rough to very rough sea conditions is very likely over southeast and adjoining areas of Eastcentral Bay of Bengal, becoming very rough over central parts of Bay of Bengal from evening of 25th and high 26th evening to 28th morning.
- ❖ Sea conditions is very likely to be very rough to high over southwest and adjoining areas of West central Bay of Bengal from 26th October evening.
- ❖ Sea conditions is very likely to be high to very high over westcentral and adjoining northwest Bay of Bengal from 27th October evening, becoming very high from 28th October morning till 29th early hours, becoming high by noon of 29th and becoming very rough to rough during subsequent 12 hours.
- ❖ Sea condition is very likely to be rough to very rough along & off Tamil Nadu – Puducherry coast during from 25th to 28th October,
- ❖ Sea condition is very likely to be rough to very rough along & off Andhra Pradesh & Yanam (of Puducherry) coasts during 25th -27th October morning. It would further worsen becoming very rough to high from 28th morning onwards and very high from 28th evening to 29th October early hours, becoming high till noon of 29th October and very rough to rough during subsequent 12 hours.
- ❖ Sea conditions is very likely to be rough to very rough along & off Odisha coast from 26th evening to 27th evening. It would worsen further becoming high from 28th morning to till 29th October early hours. It is likely improve gradually becoming very rough to rough during subsequent 12 hours.
Storm Surge Warning
Strom surge of height about 1 m above astronomical tide is likely to cause inundation over low-lying areas of coastal Andhra Pradesh & Yanam (of Puducherry) around the landfall time.
Fishermen Warning:
Fishermen are advised not to venture into Southwest, adjoining central Bay of Bengal, along & off Tamil Nadu – Andhra Pradesh & Yanam (of Puducherry) coasts till 29th October and along & off Odisha coast from 26th October to 29th October. Those out at sea area should return to the coast immediately.
Impact Expected and Action Suggested due to heavy rain and strong winds (Andhra Pradesh & Yanam of Puducherry and South Odisha coasts)
Impact Expected:
- ❖ Major damage to thatched houses/ huts. Roof tops may blow off. Unattached metal sheets may fly.
- ❖ Damage to power and communication lines.
- ❖ Major damage to Kutcha and some damage to Pucca roads. Flooding of escape routes.
- ❖ Breaking of tree branches, uprooting of large avenue trees. Large-scale damage to banana and papaya trees. Large dead limbs blown from trees.
- ❖ Damage to paddy crops, horticultural and standing crops and orchards due to inundation & winds.
- ❖ Inundation of low-lying areas in coastal districts due to heavy rainfall and flash flood
- ❖ Localized Flooding of roads, water logging in low lying areas and closure of underpasses mainly in urban areas.
- ❖ Occasional reduction in visibility due to heavy rainfall.
- ❖ Disruption of traffic due to water logging and squally winds
- ❖ Localized Landslides/Mudslides It may lead to riverine flooding in some river catchments (for riverine flooding please visit Web page of CWC)
- ❖ Damage to embankments/ salt pans.
Action suggested:
- ❖ Total suspension of fishing operations.
- ❖ Coastal hutment dwellers to be moved to safer places. People in affected areas to remain indoors.
- ❖ Movement in motor boats unsafe.
- ❖ Judicious regulation of offshore/onshore operations
- ❖ People are advised to keep a watch on the weather for worsening conditions and be ready to move to safer places accordingly.
- ❖ Take safe shelters; do not take shelter under trees, as there could be lightning.
- ❖ In case of expected lightning, unplug electrical/ electronic appliances, immediately, get out of water bodies and keep away from all the objects that conduct electricity.
- ❖ Tourism and recreational activities to be regulated.
- ❖ Surface transport and helicopter services to be regulated.
ii. Weather conditions and forecast over Delhi/NCR during 25th to 28th October, 2025 (ANNEXURE IV)
For more details, kindly refer National Weather Bulletin: https://mausam.imd.gov.in/responsive/all_india_forcast_bulletin.php
For District wise warnings refer: https://mausam.imd.gov.in/responsive/districtWiseWarningGIS.php
For Fishermen warning refer https://rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/fishermen-warning.php
ANNEXURE I
Rainfall recorded (in cm) during past 24 hours till 0830 hours IST of today, the 25th October (≥ 7cm):
- ❖ Goa: Canacona (dist South Goa) 14, Mormugao – Pmo Imd (dist South Goa) 11, Panjim – Imd Obsy (dist North Goa) 9, Dabolim N.a.s.- Navy (dist South Goa) 8, Mapusa (dist North Goa) 8, Quepem (dist South Goa) 7, Ponda (dist North Goa) 7;
- ❖ Tamil Nadu & Puducherry: Oothu (dist Tirunelveli) 14, Nalumukku (dist Tirunelveli) 13, Kakkachi (dist Tirunelveli) 11, Balamore (dist Kanyakumari), Manjolai (dist Tirunelveli) 9 each,Thirparappu (dist Kanyakumari) 8, Idayapatti (dist Madurai), Madurai city (dist Madurai), Tallakulam (dist Madurai), Suralacode (dist Kanyakumari) 7 each;
- ❖ Coastal Karnataka: Karwar Obsy (dist Uttara Kannada) 12; Uttara Kannada_Karwar_Asnoti-8, Uttara Kannada_Ankola_Harawada-8, Uttara Kannada_Ankola_Belekeri-8, Uttara Kannada_Karwar_Vailavada-7, Uttara Kannada_Ankola_Hattikeri-7, Uttara Kannada_Karwar_Majali-7, Uttara Kannada_Karwar_Shiravad-7, Uttara Kannada_Kumta_Hegde-7, Uttara Kannada_Ankola_Bhavikeri-7, Uttara Kannada_Kumta_Kalbhag-7, Uttara Kannada_Karwar_Mudageri-7;
- ❖ Nicobar Island: Iaf Carnicobar (dist Nicobar) 12, Car Nicobar (dist Nicobar) 10;
- ❖ Rayalaseema: Koilkuntla (dist Nandyal) 8, Dornipadu (dist Nandyal) 7;
- ❖ Coastal Andhra Pradesh: Repalle (dist Bapatla) 7;
- ❖ North Interior Karnataka: Raichur_Bijangera-7, Koppala_Kukanuru_Kuknoor1-7.
ANNEXURE II
- As the lead period increases forecast accuracy decrease.
ANNEXURE III
- • Action may be taken based on ORANGE AND REDCOLOUR warnings.
- • Vulnerable regions likely urban and hilly areas action may be initiated for heavy rainfall warning.
- • As the lead period increases forecast accuracy decreases.
DetaileddistrictwiseMultiHazardweatherwarningfornextfivedaysavailableat https://mausam.imd.gov.in/responsive/districtWiseWarningGIS.php
ANNEXURE IV
Weather forecast over Delhi/NCR during 25th to 28th October 2025
Past Weather:
There has been no large change in the minimum and maximum temperatures over Delhi/NCR during the past 24 hours. The maximum and minimum temperatures over Delhi were around 29 to 32°C and 16 to 17°C respectively. The minimum temperature was near normal and maximum temperature was near normal. Mainly clear sky conditions with predominant surface wind from the northwest direction with wind speeds up to 10 kmph prevailed during the past 24 hours. Mainly clear sky conditions with haze/mist during early morning hour associated with calm wind as gradually increase becoming up to 05 kmph from the variable direction prevailed over the region in the forenoon today.
Significant Weather Features:
A fresh Western Disturbance likely to impact Western Himalayan Region and adjoining northern plains of India, during 27th October, 2025 to morning of 29th October 2025. Under its influence, possibility of one or two spells of very light rain/drizzle is likely over Delhi during evening of 27th October to morning of 28th October 2025.
Weather Forecast of Delhi NCR
- 25.10.2025: Mainly clear sky with mist/haze from evening onwards. The maximum temperatures were in the range of 30 to 32°C. The maximum temperature will be near normal. The predominant surface wind will likely to be from the northwest direction with a wind speed of up to 08 kmph during afternoon hours. The wind speed will decrease becoming upto 04 kmph from the northwest direction during the evening and night.
- 26.10.2025: Mainly clear sky becoming partly cloudy sky towards evening. Smog/shallow fog during morning hours. The maximum and minimum temperatures over Delhi are likely to be in the range of 30 to 32°C and 16 to 18°C respectively. The minimum temperature will be near normal and the maximum temperature will be near normal. The predominant surface wind will likely to be from the northwest direction with calm wind as gradually increase becoming up to 04 kmph during morning hours. The wind speed will gradually increase becoming up to 08 kmph from the northwest direction in the afternoon. The wind speed will decrease becoming less than 04 kmph from the northwest direction during the evening and night.
- 27.10.2025: Generally cloudy sky. Smog/shallow fog during morning hours. Possibility of one or two spells of very light rain/drizzle is likely over Delhi during evening/night. The maximum and minimum temperatures over Delhi are likely to be in the range of 28 to 30°C and 18 to 20°C respectively. The minimum temperature will be near normal and the maximum temperature will be below normal up to 1 – 3oC. The predominant surface wind will likely to be from the northwest direction with calm wind as gradually increase becoming up to 05 kmph during morning. The wind speed will increase becoming less than 10 kmph from the northeast direction in the afternoon. The wind speed will decrease becoming less than 05 kmph from the southeast direction during the evening and night.
- 28.10.2025: Generally cloudy sky. Mist/haze during morning hours. Possibility of one or two spells of very light rain/drizzle is likely over Delhi during early hours/morning. Mist/haze during morning hours. The maximum and minimum temperatures over Delhi are likely to be in the range of 28 to 30°C and 18 to 20°C respectively. The minimum temperature will be above normal up to 1 – 2oC and the maximum temperature will be below normal up to 1 – 3oC. The predominant surface wind will likely to be from the southeast direction with calm wind as gradually increase becoming up to 05 kmph during morning hours. The wind speed will increase becoming less than 08 kmph from the southeast direction in the afternoon. The wind speed will decrease becoming less than 06 kmph from the southeast direction during the evening and night.
Agromet advisories for likely impact of Heavy / Heavy to Very Heavy / Extremely Heavy Rainfall
- In Andhra Pradesh, postpone harvesting of groundnut crop during heavy rainfall periods and store the already harvested produce in safe places. Drain out excess water from fields of rice, maize, pigeon pea, black gram, green gram, cotton, groundnut, turmeric, ginger, vegetables and plantations of banana, coconut and arecanut. Avoid sowing of rabi crops (rabi maize, Bengal gram etc.) until the soil moisture reaches at optimum level.
- In Tamil Nadu, harvest matured rice and groundnut crops only during fair weather and store the harvested produce of rice, groundnut and harvested banana bunches in safer places. Make arrangements to drain out excess water from fields of rice, sugarcane, cotton, black gram, maize and vegetables and plantations of coconut, banana and black pepper to avoid water stagnation. Avoid transplanting or direct sowing of rice and sowing of maize during heavy rainfall.
- In Kerala, harvest matured rice crop immediately and keep the produce in safe places. Ensure adequate drainage facilities in fields of rice, vegetables and plantations of banana, coconut, arecanut, cardamom and black pepper.
- In Coastal Karnataka, postpone harvesting of rice during heavy rainfall periods and shift the already harvested produce to safer places. Provide adequate drainage facilities in fields of rice and plantations of coconut, arecanut and black pepper.
- In Telangana, harvest matured cotton crop immediately and store the produce in safer places. Cover the already harvested produce of maize and soybean crops lying on the fields with taurpalin or shift to a safer place.
- In Andaman and Nicobar Islands, store the harvested produce of rice at safe places to avoid degradation. Drain out excess water from fields of rice, vegetables and plantation crops.
- In Odisha, harvest rice crop if 85% of grains are matured and store in safer places before commencement of rains or cover the harvested produce in the fields with polythene. Harvest matured black gram, maize, vegetables (pumpkin, okra, bitter gourd etc.) and matured cobs of maize and keep the produce in safer places. Make provision for draining out excess water from fields of rice, black gram, pigeon pea, maize, groundnut, cotton, sugarcane and vegetables. Postpone sowing / planting of rabi crops (rabi pulses, vegetables etc.) till cessation of rains.
- In Gujarat, harvest the matured crops of rice, groundnut, soybean, black gram, green gram, sesame, maize, pearl mllet and vegetables (tomato, brinjal, chilli, okra, cucurbits etc.) only during fair weather and store the produce in safe places.
- In Konkan, keep the harvested produce of rice and finger millet in safer places. In Madhya Maharashtra, store the harvested produce of rice, soybean, maize, groundnut and pearl millet in safe places.
Livestock / Fishery
- Keep the animals inside the shed during heavy rainfall and provide them balanced feed.
- Store feed and fodder in a safe place to prevent spoilage.
- Construct an outlet with proper netting around the ponds to drain out excess water, thereby preventing fish from escaping in case of overflow.
Agromet advisories for likely impact of Thunderstorm / Gusty Winds / Squally Winds
- Provide mechanical support to horticultural crops and staking or support to vegetables and young fruit plants / fruit-bearing plants to avoid lodging due to strong winds.
- Tie the harvested crops properly and cover them to minimise the risk of displacement due to strong surface winds.
Legends & abbreviations:
- ❖ Heavy Rain:64.5-115.5mm; Very Heavy Rain:115.6-204.4mm; Extremely Heavy Rain: >204.4mm.
- ❖ Obsy: Observatory; Automatic Weather Station; ARG: Automatic Rain Gauge; dist: District: NH: National Highway; KVK: Krishi Vigyan Kendra; DVC: Damodar Valley Corporation; PTO: Part Time Office, Aero: Aerodrome, IAF: Indian Air Force.
- ❖ Region wise classification of meteorological Sub-Divisions:
- Northwest India: Western Himalayan Region (Jammu-Kashmir-Ladakh-Gilgit-Baltistan-Muzaffarabad, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand); Punjab, Haryana-Chandigarh-Delhi; West Uttar Pradesh, East Uttar Pradesh, West Rajasthan and East Rajasthan.
- Central India: West Madhya Pradesh, East Madhya Pradesh, Vidarbha and Chhattisgarh.
- East India: Bihar, Jharkhand, Sub-Himalayan West Bengal & Sikkim; Gangetic West Bengal, Odisha and Andaman & Nicobar Islands.
- Northeast India: Arunachal Pradesh, Assam & Meghalaya and Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram & Tripura.
- West India: Gujarat Region, Saurashtra & Kutch, Konkan & Goa, Madhya Maharashtra and Marathawada.
- South India: Coastal Andhra Pradesh & Yanam, Telangana, Rayalaseema, Coastal Karnataka, North Interior Karnataka, South Interior Karnataka, Kerala & Mahe, Tamil Nadu, Puducherry & Karaikal and Lakshadweep.
The following section appears to be a transcription of image/visual content with dual-language and columnar data. I will attempt to structure it using a table-like format.
| भारत जीजन विज्ञान विभागा / Nausnel Wsatiner Fereegetng Centre India Meteerological Dopartnet Mimkstay of Earth Sciences | |
|---|---|
|
LEGENDS
|
| SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION (% of Stations reporting) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| % Stations | Category | % Stations | Category |
| 76-100 | Widespread (WS/Most Places) | Fog | Heavy Rain |
| 51-75 | Fairly Widespread (FWS/Many Places) | Heavy Snow | Cold Wave |
| 26-50 | Scattered (SCT/A Few Places) | Dust Storm | Cold Day |
| 1-25 | Isolated (ISOL) | + Heat Wave | Very Heavy Rain |
| Extremely Heavy Rain | + Warm Night | ||
| COLOUR CODED WARNING | |
|---|---|
| No Warning (No Action) | Watch (Be Aware) |
| Alert (Be Prepared To Take Action) | Warning (Take Action) |
| Probabilistic Forecast | |
|---|---|
| Terms | Probability of Occurrence (%) |
| Unlikely | <25 |
| Likely | 25-50 |
| Very Likely | 50-75 |
| Most Likely | >75 |
DEFINITION/CRITERIA
| Rain/ Snow | Heavy: | 64.5 to 115.5 mm/cm |
| Very Heavy: | 115.6 to 204.4 mm/cm | |
| Extremely Heavy: | >204.4 mm/cm* | |
| Heat Wave | When maximum temperature of a station reaches ≥40° C for plains and ≥30° C for hilly regions | |
| (a) Based on Departure from normal | ||
| Heat Wave: Maximum Temperature Departure from normal | 4.5° C to 5.4° C | |
| Severe Heat Wave: Maximum Temperature Departure from normal | ≥6.5° C | |
| (b). Based on Actual maximum temperature | ||
| Heat Wave: When actual maximum temperature ≥45°C Severe Heat Wave: When actual maximum temperature ≥47°C (c). Criteria for heat wave for coastal stations: When maximum temperature departure is >4.5°C from normal. Heat Wave may be described provided maximum temperature ≥37°C |
||
| Warm Night | When maximum temperature remains ≥40°C | |
| Warm Night: When minimum temperature departure 4.5°C to 6.4 °C Severe Warm Night: When minimum temperature departure >6.4 °C |
||
| Cold Wave | When minimum temperature of a station ≤10°C for plains and ≤0°C for hilly regions. | |
| (a). Based on departure | ||
| Cold Wave: Minimum Temperature Departure from normal 4.5 °C to-6.4 °C. Severe Cold Wave: Minimum Temperature Departure from normal ≤ 6.5 °C |
||
| (b) Based on actual Minimum Temperature (for Plains only) Cold Wave: When Minimum Temperature is ≤ 4.0 °C Severe Cold Wave: When Minimum Temperature is ≤ 2.0 C (c) For Coastal Stations When Minimum Temperature departure is ≤-4.5 °C & actual Minimum Temperature is ≤ 15 °C |
||
| Cold Day | When minimum temperature of a station <10°C for plains and ≤0°C for hilly regions | |
| Based on departure | ||
| Cold Day: Maximum Temperature Departure from normal 4.5 °C to-6.4 °C. Severe Cold Day: Maximum Temperature Departure from normal ≤ -6.5 °C |
||
| Fog | Phenomenon of small droplets suspended in air and the horizontal visibility < 1km | |
| Moderate Fog: | When the visibility between 500-200 metres | |
| Dense Fog: | when the visibility between 50- 200 metres | |
| Very Dense Fog: | when the visibility <50 metres | |
| Thunderstorm | Sudden electrical discharges manifested by a flash of light (Lightning) and a sharp rumbling sound (thunder) | |
| Dust/Sand Storm | An ensemble of particles of dust or sand energetically lifted to great heights by a strong and turbulent wind. | |
| Frost | Ice deposits on ground Air temperature ≤4°C (over Plain5) |
|
| Squall | A strong wind that rises suddenly, lasts for at least 1 minute. | |
| Moderate: | Wind speed 52-61 kmph | |
| Severe: | Wind speed 62-87 kmph | |
| Very Severe: | Wind speed >87 kmph | |
| Sea State | Effect of various waves in the sea over specific area | |
| Rough to very rough: | Wind speed 41-62 kmph (22-33 knots) & Wave height 2.5-6 metre | |
| High to very high: | Wind speed 63-117 kmph (34-63 knots) & Wave height 6-14 metre Phenomenal Wind speed >117 kmph (>63 knots) & Wave height >14 metre |
|
| Cyclone | Cyclonic Storm: | Wind speed 62-87 kmph (34-47 knots) |
| Severe Cyclonic Storm: | Wind speed 88-117 kmph (48-63 knots) | |
| Very Severe Cyclonic Storm: | Wind speed 118-165 kmph (64-89 knots) | |
| Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm: | Wind speed 166-220 kmph (90-119 knots) | |
| Super Cyclone Strom: | Wind speed >220 kmph (>119 knots) | |